Odograph



April 4, 1950 F. Q. RAST ET AL.

ODOGRAPH 18 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed May 15, 1945 SN WEEHR wwm ATTORNEY April 4, 1950 F. Q. RAST ET AL.

ODOGRAPH l8 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed May 15, 1945 RNVENTORS ATTO R N EY 18 Sheets-Sheet 6 F. Q. RAST El AL ODOGRAPH Filed Hay -15, 1945 g 7 A 5 i 1 5g 1 g MEN H o M1 WARP w rlL M \Q II. o n. m .A R S J in 55 VMa Ill]!!! Dm mm 51::: M M B A t F M mm R Q QSQN Sn R I R A O NM 8 J n 1 1R w hv k mm mm 4 i 0 n I w H J dfiwm \QNQ H fl\ I. 3 ,1. QM EFLMJENQ. H I!!! R w o S .8 g I Qnvm m mm QV J -2 A I I I In 0 V h/ 5 F7 a a .WQWQ. mbmm F: in L Q MU N N April 4, 1950 April 4, 1950 F. Q. RAST El AL ODOGRAPH 18 Sheets-Sheet 10 Filed May 15, 1945 INVENTORS F/QELER/C/r AL Q R457 950 5. EE/VSO/V ,a'h ATTORNEY FIIIIIFIILIPIIIIIII Q @HR April 4, 1950 F. Q. RAST El AL ODOGRAPH l8 Sheets-Sheet 11 Filed lay 15, 1945 ll/l/ Ill/IA INVENTORS FREDERICK 0. 16437 BEA/s0 A'ILTORNEY Ap 4, 1950 F. Q. RAST ET AL 2,502,991

Filed May 15, 1945 18 Sheets-Sheet 12 Fircsffi. w [24 15g: 743E:

I; E p i o I26 I I- I I I I Y V 9 I {56 SM 755 1 COMPASS COAII'ROLLA'D 440701? i lao /6/ I, T Z04; T fiI G.f4. f 2/6 4 2/5 27 Z/ZA/ EQ? gum 4 I INVENTORS 2/5 2/6 FREDERICK 0. 2/457 ABLYFREO 5. BENSON ATTORNEY April 4, 1950 F. Q. RAST ET AL ODOGRAPH 18 Sheets-Sheet 13 Filad May 15, 1945 khk TTORNEY Filed May 15, 1945 FIG-21,6

F. Q. RAST ET AL ODUGRAPH 18 Sheets-Sheet l4 ATTORNEY April 4, 1950 F. Q. RAST ET AL ODOGRAPH l8 Sheets-Sheet 15 Filed May 15, 1945 N m m m 0 a M Q A 457 445 50 5. fits/v50 INVENTORS FREDERICK April 1950 F. Q. RAST in AL 2,502,991

ODOGRAPH Filed May 15, 1945 18 Sheets-Sheet 17 Patented Apr. 4, 1950 ODOGRAPH Frederick Q. East, Chicago, Ill., and Alfred B.

Benson, Union,

N. Y., assixnors to International Business Machines Corporation,

New York,

N. Y., a corporation of New York Application May 15, 1945, Serial No. 593,944 8 Claims. (Cl. 346-33) This invention relates to odographs and more particularly to odographs for use in airplanes.

The principal object of the invention is to provide an integrating and recording instrument of improved construction and operation.

The apparatus of the invention includes an integrating unit provided with automatic input devices for direction and mileage and manual input devices for wind direction and mileage. Provision is also made for manually introducing magnetic variation, so that the counters and odograph plot are relative to true north rather than magnetic north. From this data, counters are controlled to indicate instantaneous position of the aircraft. One set of counters shows the air position in actual miles flown and another set shows the ground miles which is air miles corrected for wind direction and velocity.

The apparatus also includes a pair of remotely controlled recording or plotting tables, each of which supports a map, chart or plotting sheet upon which the track is plotted. The table, or tables, may be operated at any one of five different map scales. If two tables are used, they may be operated simultaneously at the same or diflerent map scales. For example, this enables the plotting on a small scale on one table while reserving the other for large scale plotting of a small area.

A specific object of the invention resides in the provision of improved mechanism for integrating wind velocity and direction. A constantl driven friction disk drives rollers positionable across the faces of the disk in accordance withpredetermined values, to drive a pair of north,south and east, west shafts in direction and at a speed corresponding to the related characteristics of the wind. These values are combined with like values obtained from the values of the plane's direction and velocit to obtain actual values. By disabling the wind integrating mechanism, the recorder will plot a track wherein the wind variables are omitted so that a flight made twice over a given reference point during a noted time interval will produce a track on which the points of passage over the reference point do not coincide (except in the case of no wind). From this track the wind direction and velocity may be computed.

A further object of the invention resides in the provision of novel devices for controlling the recording unit. The integrating unit drives a pair of north, south, and east, west shafts from which are driven contact devices to send electrical im pulses corresponding in rate to the rate of the planes course. Manually positionable mechanism is provided to enable selection of any of five different impulse rates, whereby to trace the course at diiferent map scales.

The recording unit is provided with impulse responsive directing mechanism to drive the stylus or pencil carriage in increments so that the pencil advances with a step-by-step movement, one step for each impulse received. A particular feature of the recorder resides in the provision of mechanism for automatically reversing the direction of travel of the pencil when it reaches the limits of the plotting area, so that any travel beyond such limits will be recorded within the area but in reverse. Indicators are provided to signal whether the pencil is traveling on a normal course with the plotting area or in reverse.

A further object is to provide improved mechanism for causing the direction devices to follow the setting of a compass controlled motor.

Other objects of the invention will be pointed out in the following description and claims and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, which disclose, by way of example, the principle of the invention and the best mode, which has been contemplated, of applying that principle.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the integrating unit showing the location of the several dials and. counters.

Fig. 2 is a plan view along lines 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an elevation along lines 3-3 of Fig. 2 in a plane parallel to the plane of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a side elevation looking in the direction of lines 4-4 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a side elevation looking in the direction of lines 5-5 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a plan section taken on lines 6-6 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 7 is a plan section taken on lines 1-! of Fig. 5.

Fig. 8 is an elevation taken on lines 8-8 of Fig. 7.

Fig. 9-is an elevation taken on lines 9-9 of Fig. 7.

Fig. 10 is a plan section taken on lines III-Ill of Fig. 3.

Fig. 11 is an elevation taken on lines ll-ll of Fig. 4.

Fig. 12 is an enlarged detail of a drive roller and controlling frame.

Fig. 13 is a wiring diagram of the circuits for controlling the directional clutches in the apparatus.

Fig. 14 is a wiring diagram of the circuits controlled by the integrator unit for sending impulses to the recording unit.

Fig. is a diagrammatic view of the gear and drive connections in the integrating apparatus.

Fig. 16 is an enlarged detail of a set of impulse cams.

Fig. 17 is a plan of the recording unit.

Fig. 18 is an enlarged plan of one section of the recorder clutch and drive mechanism.

Fig. 19 is a section on lines l3-i9 of Fig. 18 showing the escapement.

Fig. 20 is a section on lines 20-20 of Fig. 18 showing the clutch.

Fig. 21 is a rear elevation of the recording unit.

Fig, 22 is a section on lines 22-22 of Fig. 21.

Fig. 23 is a section on lines 23-23 of Fig. 18.

Fig. 24 is a sectional elevation through the stylus.

Figs. 24a is a plan on lines Zia-24a of Fig. 24.

Fig. 25 is a section on lines 2525 of Fig. 24.

The illustrative apparatus desirably comprises a housing It encasing base frame ll (Figs. 3 and 4), left side frame l2, right side frame [3, rear frame 14, and cross frame i5, upon which frames all of the mechanism is supported.

In Figs. 2, 3 and 15 constant speed motor it supported on rear frame I receives current continuously from a suitable source of direct current. Through worm and worm wheel I! it drives a shaft I8 which in turn through bevel gears l9 drives a shaft 20 supported in brackets 2i Shaft 20 through bevel gears 22 at its left end (Figs. 2 and 4) drives vertical shaft 23 whose lower end through bevel gears 24 drives a short horizontal shaft 25. At the opposite end of shaft 25 is secured a gear 26 meshing with a ring gear 21 (Fig. 3), so that the latter is constantly driven in a counterclockwise direction.

Referring to Fig. 6, gear 2'! has secured on opposite sides thereof a pair of friction plates or disks 28NS and 28EW. The ear 21 is supported for rotation by three beveled roller bearings 29 to effect a firm rotation of the rollers 34 without slippage.

The manner in which rollers 34 are slid alon their respective shafts will now be explained. Extending in a plane parallel to gear 27 (Figs. 4 and 6) are plates 3lNS and 31EW whose upper and lower edges are slidable in grooves 38 in the base frame II and cross frame it. Rollers 29 carried by the plates 31 ride on the surfaces of the frames II and I5 to facilitate the sliding of the plate in the grooves 38. Box-like frames to (Fig. 12) integral with plates 31NS and NEW are notched tostraddle shafts 30NS and SOEW and also hold rollers 34 between suitable thrust bearings. Thus, lateral movement of plates WNS and 3'IEW will carry rollers 36 along the shafts but will not interfere with the movement of the rollers toward or away from. the disks 28NS and 23EW.

Plate 37EW is provided with a vertical slot 42 (Figs. 3 and 6) intowhich a pin 33 extends (Fig. 6). This pin extends through a radial slot 68 in gear ISEW and is integral with an offset pin 43a extending into a cam slot 44 in gear HEW. Gear HEW is mounted for rotation on a bearing 48 supported by a fixed bracket 83 and gear HEW is supported by pins 53 secured in gear i'lEW and riding in concentric slots Si in gear AEEW.

With the two gears GEEW and NEW in the relative position of Fig. 3, pin 43 is in the center of the gears and roller 34 (Fig. 6) is in the center of the driving disk 23EW, so that no motion is transmitted to the related roller 34 or shaft 3DEW. Gear 45EW, termed the direction gear, is manually adjustable to represent wind direction and gear HEW, termed the velocity gear, is manually adjustable to represent wind velocity. The respaced about the periphery of the gear as shown axis of gear 2'! is a pair of shafts SUNS and NEW (Figs. 4 and 6) whose ends are supported in arms 3| pivoted at 32 to the fixed framework. Springs 33 connected between the arms of each end pair serve to urge the shafts. 30NS and 30EWtoward disks 28NS and 23EW respectively.

Shafts 3UNS and 33EW have each mounted thereon a roller 34 slidably keyed to the shaft for rotation but free to move longitudinally on the shaft. The roller 34 is slotted lengthwise and held in each slot by a circular wire 35 is a wheel 36 (Fig. 12) freely rotatable on the wire. The wheels 36. due to the tension of springs 33, press firmly against disks 28NS and 28EW and, as the disks are driven, motion will be transmitted to rollers 34 through wheels 38, except when the roller is located on the axis of rotation of the disk.

Through compass controlled mechanism, the rollers 34 are moved along their shafts 33NS and 30EW and, as they do so, the wheels 36 roll across the faces of the disk so that all frictional resistance to such movement is avoided. The wheels 36 are quite small and numerous, so that as the disks 28NS and ZBEW rotate, the edges of wheels 38 bite into the frictional material of the disk suit of relative positioning of these gears will position pin 43 and through it will shift plate NEW to a point on the surface of driving disk 23EW, so that shaft 33EW will be driven at a rate and in a direction corresponding to the north, west complement of wind direction and velocity.

The gears 45NS and llNS are mounted in the same manner as gears 45EW' and 4'IEW through parts identified by the same reference characters. and are also provided with the same cam slots 34 and 36 with the slot :16 displaced 90 so that the north, south roller 35 will be shifted across the face of its driving disk 28NS for operation at a rate and in a direction corresponding to the east, south component of wind direction and velocity.

The manner in which wind direction is set into the device will now be explained. In Figs.

9 and'15, a shaft 52 has a knob 53 by means of which the shaft may be rotated and through gear 54 on the shaft meshing with gear 55 a shaft 55 is turned. This shaft 56 (Fig. 10) has two gears 57 secured thereto which through gears 58 free on a shaft 59 drive gears HEW and dBNS. Shaft 58 has a third gear 68 secured thereto which drives a gear 6! loose on shaft 59. This latter gear carries a difierential pinion iii meshing with'sun gear 62 and with internal gear teeth of differential cage 63. With gear 32 stationary, cage 63 will be driven and, as it is pinned to shaft 59, this shaft will'also turn and through gears 63 afilxed thereto will drive gears dlEW and t'INS. Thus, turning of knob 53 will rotate gears NS, 35EW, S'INS and NEW an amount and in a direction representing wind direction. A locking device (Fig. 9) is provided for shaft 52 which comprises a locking knob 33 which. when tightened, will draw sleeve 56 to- 

